Effectiveness of two alternative treatments (própolis et allium sativum) in the control of subclinical bovine mastitis, in the department of Estelí Nicaragua, february 2020

Abstract

The experimental study was carried out in the department of Estelí, in the farms: "Los Chilamates" and "Tres ojos de agua", with the aim of evaluating the effect exerted by Propolis and garlic in cases of bovine subclinical mastitis. Among the variables under study are: diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, predominant bacteria, effectiveness of treatments on bacteria and cost benefit analysis. The experiment consisted in the application of 5 ml of each treatment in the most affected nipple of each cow with mastitis, previously tests were performed to diagnose which cows were the ones that were positive. During the five days of application of the treatment we were extracting milk sample to later perform bacteriological cultures and observe if during the application of the treatment changes arose. To obtain our results, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for the variable incidence of mastitis, obtaining 29% as results. A Gram stain was performed to identify the following bacteria: Staphylococus aureus 12 %, Escherichia coli 25 %, Streptococcus dygalactie 17 %, Streptococcus agalactie 21 %, Pseudomonas 25 %. We proceeded to perform an analysis of variance for the variable effectiveness of the treatments, the result was as follows: the P-value was 0.001 indicating that there is a statistical difference between each treatment obtaining a better result propolis, while the treatment based on garlic gave negative results. When doing a cost benefit analysis we could verify that propolis is an effective and economical option, given that a 1.43% gain rate was obtained, it is for this reason that it is recommended to use propolis in cases of subclinical mastitis.