Biosorción de verde malaquita en soluciones acuosas con alga roja Gracilaria sp. estudios cinéticos, equilibrio y termodinámicos
Palabras clave:
verde malaquita, biosorción, Gracilaria sp, isoterma, cinéticaResumen
Los colorantes y pigmentos, como la verde malaquita (MG) y otros, se utilizan ampliamente en diversas industrias, incluidas las farmacéuticas, textiles, papel, etc. Sin embargo, los colorantes sintéticos son tóxicos, cancerígenos y mutagénicos, lo que supone riesgos significativos para la salud humana. Por lo tanto, la eliminación de los colorantes debería ser necesaria antes de desechar las aguas residuales en las fuentes de agua. En este trabajo, se recolectó el alga roja Gracilaria sp. y se aplicó como biosorbente para la eliminación de MG de soluciones sintéticas. Se utilizó un espectrómetro infrarrojo por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), un microscopio electrónico de barrido (SEM) acoplado con rayos X de energía dispersiva (EDAX) para caracterizar la morfología y la estructura de las algas prístinas y dopadas. Los grupos funcionales de Gracilaria sp. responsables de la adsorción de MG en las algas rojas se confirmaron mediante FTIR. Las micrografías SEM mostraron morfologías superficiales homogéneas y porosas de las partículas adsorbentes. Se estudiaron los efectos del pH (2,5 – 9,5), la dosis de adsorbente (0,1 – 2 g/L), la concentración inicial de adsorbato (10 – 200 mg/L) y el tiempo de contacto (0 – 120 min) sobre la adsorción. Los resultados indicaron que el pH óptimo es 8,5 y la dosis de biomasa es 0,7 g. Los datos experimentales de equilibrio se han evaluado utilizando las formas linealizadas de isotermas y se encontró que Freundlich proporciona la mejor correlación teórica. Los datos cinéticos se analizaron utilizando modelos de pseudo primer orden, pseudo segundo orden y difusión intrapartícula. El proceso de biosorción siguió una cinética de pseudo segundo orden. Los datos experimentales sugirieron que la biomasa de Gracilaria sp. es un biosorbente prometedor para la eliminación de MG de soluciones acuosas.
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